Ramlila

Ramlila

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Tiŋa	India
Tiŋgbaŋ yaɣili calinli	28°38′31″N 77°13′51″E
Intangible cultural heritage status	National List for Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH), Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity
Described at URL	https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/ramlila-the-traditional-performance-of-the-ramayana-00110, https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/00110, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/00110, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/00110

Tɛmplet:Hinduism Ramlila (Tɛmplet:Lang-sa; din gbunni 'Rama's lila bee dɛma') nyɛla kpɛrigu dɛma din kuli wuhri "Rama" biɛhhigu "Hindu epic Ramayana" bee litricha din pahiri buyi n wuhi shɛm kamani Ramcharitmanas.^[1]Di nyɛla din kui wuhiri ^[2] Hindu buɣa din tabi Rama kpɛrti mini wahi, din pahhiri yuuni yuuni (autumn) chuɣu ni Navaratri, India tiŋgnani ni.^[3] Zaligu din daa zali n-ti yɛlviɛla mini zaɣibiɛri sunsuuni,Ramlila daa zani di naba zuɣu Vijayadashami (Dussehra)yuŋ churi ni ka bɛ nyɔ "giant grotesque effigies" yɛlbiɛri kamani rakshasa (demon) Ravana.^[4][5][6]

Rama n-nyɛ din pahiri "avatar" buyopɔin Hindu buɣili Vishnu mini "central figure of the Ramayana" ni, "Sanskrit epic" din laɣindi dɛma mini lahabaya din wuhiri biɛhigu. Di yɛltɔɣa taɣamalisi sabbu sabimi n sɔŋ 1st millennium BCE ka Ramlila kpuɣi lala lahabaya ŋɔ. Ramlila nima pam din be North India nyɛla din biɛhigu doli 16th-century tuma din pahi buyi ni Ramayana, Ramcharitmanas lahabali yaɣishɛli din pahi lala yaɣili maa zuliya yɛltɔɣa ni (Awadhi balli din nyɛ Hindi^[7]), Tulsidas nima dini.^[4][6][8]Lala yɛltɔɣa ŋɔ ka bɛ mai n diri alizama bɛ kali yɛltɔɣa ni. Ramlila committees (Samitis) n su "Open-air productions",ka tiŋkansi bee fɔna ban baɣili su ariziki ku n niŋ din ni.^[9] Bɛ malila bɛ ni wuhiri shɛba lala kpɛrigu waa ŋɔ, amaa di wabu dali nyɛla din laɣindi salo pam.^[4] Lala ŋɔ pahila Hindu kaya ni taɣada puuni, din zani n-ti di bug'dobba mini bug'paɣaba amaa ka di leei nyɛ din be Rama, Durga (dini n-nyɛ Durga Puja) mini Krishna (dini n-nyɛ Rasalila), dini n-nyɛ churi din mali yuli Indian yaɣli.^[1]

Ramlila churi nyɛla UNESCOnima ni kali shɛli m-pahi "Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity" ni yuuni 2008. Taarihi ni, Ramlila nyɛla din be Hindu tiŋ'si ni kamani Ayodhya, Varanasi, Vrindavan, Almora, Satna n-ti pahi Madhubani –tiŋ'sh`eŋa din be Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar n'ti pji Madhya Pradesh.^[4][9] Lala yɛltɔɣataɣamalisi ŋɔ mini di kpɛrgu kpɛribu kpɛla Southeast Asia 1st millennium CE, ka Ramayana nima Ramlila pahila Indonesia kaya ni taɣada shɛli ni, di bahi bahindi Hindu tiŋ'si ni kamani Bali, Myanmar, Cambodia n-ti pahi Thailand.^[10] 19th mini 20th centuries ha, di ni daa niŋ ka "Indian diaspora"yi n chaŋ European colonies" nti leei indentured servants, Ramlila kaya ni taɣada churi pa bela dunia yaɣa kamani Mauritius, Africa, Fiji, Guyana, Malaysia, Singapore, South Africa, Suriname, n-ti pahi Trinidad and Tobago. Di lahi be la United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Australia, n-ti pahi New Zealand.^[11][12]

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1} James G. Lochtefeld 2002, p. 389.
2. ↑ (1977) "The Ramlila of Ramnagar [India]". The Drama Review: TDR 21 (3): 51–82. DOI:10.2307/1145152.
3. ↑ Encyclopedia Britannica 2015.
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3} Ramlila, the traditional performance of the Ramayana, UNESCO
5. ↑ Ramlila Pop Culture India!: Media, Arts, and Lifestyle, by Asha Kasbekar. Published by ABC-CLIO, 2007. ISBN 1-85109-636-1. Page 42.
6. ↑ ^{6.0 6.1} A chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named claus507
7. ↑ Jennifer Lindsay (2006). Between Tongues: Translation And/of/in Performance in Asia. National University of Singapore Press. pp. 12–14. ISBN 978-9971-69-339-8.
8. ↑ Constance Jones & James D. Ryan 2006, p. 457.
9. ↑ ^{9.0 9.1} James G. Lochtefeld 2002, pp. 561-562.
10. ↑ Mandakranta Bose (2004). The Ramayana Revisited. Oxford University Press. pp. 342–350. ISBN 978-0-19-516832-7.
11. ↑ Ramlila – the Traditional Performance of the Ramayana UNESCO.
12. ↑ Ramlila – The traditional performance of Ramayana – Part I & II Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts